Numbers

// Integers - whole numbers
let age: Int = 12
let score = 100  // Inferred as Int
let negative = -50

// Large numbers with underscores for readability
let million = 1_000_000
let billion = 1_000_000_000

// Different number formats
let binary = 0b1010    // Binary: 10
let octal = 0o12       // Octal: 10
let hex = 0xFF         // Hexadecimal: 255

// Floating-point numbers
let pi: Double = 3.14159265359
let temperature = 98.6  // Inferred as Double
let price: Float = 9.99  // Less precision

// Number limits
print("Int max: \(Int.max)")
print("Int min: \(Int.min)")

// Math operations
let sum = 10 + 5           // 15
let product = 10 * 5       // 50
let quotient = 10.0 / 3.0  // 3.333...
let remainder = 10 % 3     // 1

// Useful functions
print(abs(-5))        // 5 (absolute value)
print(max(3, 7, 2))   // 7 (maximum)
print(min(3, 7, 2))   // 2 (minimum)

// Random numbers
let random = Int.random(in: 1...100)
print("Random: \(random)")

let dice = Int.random(in: 1...6)
print("Dice roll: \(dice)")